Reconstruction of the mid-Devonian HP-HT metamorphic event in the Bohemian Massif (European Variscan belt)     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(3):101374

Mid-Devonian high-pressure (HP) and high-temperature (HT) metamorphism represents an enigmatic early phase in the evolution of the Variscan Orogeny. Within the Bohemian Massif this metamorphism is recorded mostly in allochthonous complexes with uncertain relationship to the major tectonic units. In this regard, the Mariánské Lázně Complex (MLC) is unique in its position at the base of its original upper plate (Teplá-Barrandian Zone). The MLC is composed of diverse, but predominantly mafic, magmatic-metamorphic rocks with late Ediacaran to mid-Devonian protolith ages. Mid-Devonian HP eclogite-facies metamorphism was swiftly followed by a HT granulite-facies overprint contemporaneous with the emplacement of magmatic rocks with apparent supra-subduction affinity. New Hf in zircon isotopic measurements combined with a review of whole-rock isotopic and geochemical data reveals that the magmatic protoliths of the MLC, as well as in the upper plate Teplá-Barrandian Zone, developed above a relatively unaltered Neoproterozoic lithospheric mantle. They remained coupled with this lithospheric mantle throughout a geological timeframe that encompasses separate Ediacaran and Cambrian age arc magmatism, protracted early Paleozoic rifting, and the earliest phases of the Variscan Orogeny. These results are presented in the context of reconstructing the original architecture of the Variscan terranes up to and including the mid-Devonian HP-HT event.  相似文献   

Variable character and diverse origin of hybrid event beds in a sandy submarine fan system,Pennsylvanian Ross Sandstone Formation,western Ireland     

《Sedimentology》2018,65(3):952-992

Hybrid event beds comprising both clean and mud‐rich sandstone are important components of many deep‐water systems and reflect the passage of turbulent sediment gravity flows with zones of clay‐damped or suppressed turbulence. ‘Behind‐outcrop’ cores from the Pennsylvanian deep‐water Ross Sandstone Formation reveal hybrid event beds with a wide range of expression in terms of relative abundance, character and inferred origin. Muddy hybrid event beds first appear in the underlying Clare Shale Formation where they are interpreted as the distal run‐out of the wakes to flows which deposited most of their sand up‐dip before transforming to fluid mud. These are overlain by unusually thick (up to 4·4 m), coarse sandy hybrid event beds (89% of the lowermost Ross Formation by thickness) that record deposition from outsized flows in which transformations were driven by both substrate entrainment in the body of the flow and clay fractionation in the wake. A switch to dominantly fine‐grained sand was accompanied initially by the arrest of turbulence‐damped, mud‐rich flows with evidence for transitional flow conditions and thick fluid mud caps. The mid and upper Ross Formation contain metre‐scale bed sets of hybrid event beds (21 to 14%, respectively) in (i) upward‐sandying bed set associations immediately beneath amalgamated sheet or channel elements; (ii) stacked thick‐bedded and thin‐bedded hybrid event bed‐dominated bed sets; (iii) associations of hybrid event bed‐dominated bed sets alternating with conventional turbidites; and (iv) rare outsized hybrid event beds. Hybrid event bed dominance in the lower Ross Formation may reflect significant initial disequilibrium, a bias towards large‐volume flows in distal sectors of the basin, extensive mud‐draped slopes and greater drop heights promoting erosion. Higher in the formation, hybrid event beds record local perturbations related to channel switching, lobe relocations and extension of channels across the fan surface. The Ross Sandstone Formation confirms that hybrid event beds can form in a variety of ways, even in the same system, and that different flow transformation mechanisms may operate even during the passage of a single flow.  相似文献   

Hunter–Bowen deformation in South Percy Island,northeastern Australia     

D. Hoy  G. Rosenbaum  N. Mortimer  U. Shaanan 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2018,65(2):175-190

South Percy Island is located approximately 50 km off the central Queensland coast and comprises a disrupted ophiolite mass alongside a diverse array of metamorphosed felsic and mafic rocks that record several episodes of magmatism, volcanism and deformation from the Permian to Early Cretaceous. This paper aims to constrain the age, affinity and deformation history of these units, as well as to establish the tectonic significance of the terrane. The trace-element compositions of mafic and felsic meta-igneous rocks record a change from MORB-like prior to ca 277 Ma to subduction-related by ca 258 Ma. Overprinting relationships between intrusive phases and deformation features reveal a relative chronology for the tectonothermal evolution of the area, while U–Pb and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronology provides absolute age constraints. Deformation is localised around a NNE-striking tectonic contact that separates serpentinised ultramafic rocks from metamorphosed pillow lavas. Early formed ductile fabrics associated with the main episode of deformation (D₁) preserve bulk flattening strains at greenschist-facies conditions. Emplacement and post-kinematic cooling ages of a pre-D₁ quartz-monzonite dyke constrain the age of D₁/M₁ deformation and metamorphism to the period between ca 258 and ca 248 Ma. Minor brittle deformation (D₂) occurred at ca 230 Ma, based on U–Pb dating of a syn-D₂ diorite dyke (ca 231 ± 10 Ma) and several ca 230 Ma ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar cooling ages. The deformation, metamorphism, and supra-subduction zone magmatism preserved on South Percy Island is correlated with the nearby Marlborough Terrane and more broadly with the second pulse of the Hunter–Bowen Orogeny, which affected much of the central and northern parts of eastern Australia in the late Permian and Early Triassic. Our results support previous suggestions that the second pulse of the Hunter–Bowen Orogeny involved coeval thrust systems in both the inboard and outboard parts of the orogen.  相似文献   

Calcareous nannofossils from the Santa Marta Formation (Upper Cretaceous), northern James Ross Island,Antarctic Peninsula     

《Cretaceous Research》2015

This study reports on the most stratigraphically extensive nannofloras yet recovered from the Lachman Crags Member of the Santa Marta Formation, James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula. The productive samples are dated as early Campanian. These ages are in accord with those provided by ammonites, foraminifera, ostracods and radiolarians from the same locality. The consistent and relatively abundant presence of Gephyrobiscutum diabolum throughout the productive part of the section, a species that has previously only been documented from the Falkland Plateau, extends its geographic distribution to higher latitudes, at least to the Antarctic Peninsula area.  相似文献   

南极罗斯海恩克斯堡岛短期气候特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

赵杰臣  程净净  孟上  张林  张体军  孙启振  惠凤鸣  丁卓铭 《极地研究》2015,27(2):140-149

南极罗斯海恩克斯堡岛(Inexpressible Island)是中国南极新建考察站重点预选区域。本文利用1988—2012年曼努埃拉自动气象站(AWS Manuela)资料统计分析了该岛的气温、相对湿度、气压和风速风向等要素的特征和变化趋势。结果表明,该岛多年平均气温为-18.5℃,年平均气温有降低趋势;多年平均相对湿度较低,仅为45%,但春夏秋冬各季节的平均湿度均有增加趋势;多年平均气压为979.7hPa,无显著变化趋势;该站点多年平均风速为12.0 m·s-1,风向以WNW为主。干冷的下降风为该岛风场的主要特征,强下降风事件多发生在冬季(49.8%),其风速在25—45 m·s-1之间,冬季单次强下降风事件的平均持续时间达10 h以上。和中山站相比,该站点气温更低、空气更干燥、风速更大,这对该岛的越冬考察活动将带来巨大挑战。  相似文献   

The Mesoproterozoic basement in the southern Baltic Sea: insights from the G 14–1 off-shore borehole     

Karsten?ObstEmail author  J?rg?Hammer  Gerhard?Katzung  Dietmar?Korich 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2004,93(1):1-12

The continuation of the Mesoproterozoic basement of the southern Fennoscandian Shield is documented in the G 14–1 off-shore borehole, northeast of the island of Rügen, where crystalline rocks of monzogranitic composition occur beneath flat-lying early Palaeozoic sediments at a depth of approximately 2,000 m. The greenish-grey, or partly reddish-grey, granites show a slightly porphyritic texture marked by plagioclase crystals or aggregates in a groundmass dominated by fresh microcline. Chloritized biotite occurs as a subordinate mafic phase. Ductile and brittle deformation is indicated by a weak foliation and the occurrence of several cataclastic zones, respectively. Major and trace element geochemistry suggest that these rocks are K-rich calc-alkaline granites and represent a restite-poor melting product of a granodioritic protolith. The low MgO, Cr, Ni and Co concentrations and relatively high content of accessory phases (apatite, zircon) point to formation of water undersaturated, high temperature (>900 °C) melts at low degrees of partial melting. Although the G 14 granite lacks hornblende, in contrast to most of the granites from Bornholm, it seems geochemically related to them. Analysed samples mostly fit an intermediate position between the Rønne and Vang granitoids, which both belong to a group of Mesoproterozoic intrusions showing partial ductile deformation. (Y+Nb) vs. Rb plots suggest that all these granitic rocks were generated in intracratonic conditions. A genetic relationship between them and contemporaneously intruded Karlshamn-group granites in Blekinge, eastern Scania and Småland is supported by intrusion age of 1,460±3 Ma obtained from Pb-Pb isotope ratios measured on single zircons of the G 14 granite.  相似文献   

南极普里兹湾外海沉降颗粒物通量、组成变化及其与罗斯海对比研究   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

扈传昱  潘建明  张海生  于培松  薛斌 《海洋学报》2006,28(5):49-55

在南极普里兹湾外开阔海域布放时间系列沉积物捕获器,研究沉降颗粒物中生源组分(生物硅、有机质、碳酸钙)通量、组成、来源及元素的摩尔比值的生物地球化学意义,结果表明Ⅲ-1+站在1000m处颗粒物总通量的变化为13.00~334.59mg/(d·m2),颗粒物中以生物硅为主,占总通量的80%以上;各组分通量呈现明显的季节性变化.结合罗斯海沉降颗粒物通量和元素的摩尔比值的对比研究表明,研究海域1000m深的沉降颗粒物中生物硅与有机碳元素摩尔比值、无机碳与有机碳的元素摩尔比值较高,表明研究海域生物硅与有机碳生物地球化学循环过程是非耦合的,生物活动有效地将CO₂由表层水中移出.  相似文献   

基于田间试验的土壤水分运动模型选择          下载免费PDF全文

毛威  朱焱  史良胜  刘昭  戴恒  杨金忠 《水科学进展》2016,27(2):231-239

基于不同形式Richards方程可建立不同适用范围和计算精度的数值模型,针对具体情况下如何选择合适模型的问题,以武汉大学农田水利试验场田间入渗试验为例,选用6种模型(Picard-h模型、Picard-θ模型、Picard-mix模型、Ross模型、动力波模型和水均衡模型),运用贝叶斯模型平均(BMA)方法进行了模型选择的计算;针对BMA方法无法考虑模型计算效率的缺点,进一步提出了可同时考虑模型计算精度与计算效率的改进BMA方法。计算结果表明,在本田间尺度问题中,Ross模型排序最高,说明其兼具高精度与高效率,改进BMA方法可增加高计算效率模型被选中的概率,使模型选择更加全面合理。  相似文献   

Regional high-pressure metamorphism during intracratonic deformation: the Petermann Orogeny, central Australia   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Scrimgeour  & Close 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1999,17(5):557-572

The Petermann Orogeny is a late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian ( c . 560–520  Ma) intracratonic event that affected the Musgrave Block and south-western Amadeus Basin in central Australia. In the Mann Ranges, within the central Musgrave Block, Mesoproterozoic granulite facies gneisses, granites and mafic dykes have been substantially reworked by deep crustal non-coaxial strain of late Neoproterozoic to early Cambrian age. Dolerite dykes have recrystallized to garnet granulite facies assemblages, associated with the development of a mylonitic fabric at P =12–13  kbar and T  =700–750 °C. Migmatization is restricted to discrete shear zones, which represent conduits for hydrous fluids during metamorphism. Peak metamorphism was followed by decompression to c . 7  kbar, reflecting exhumation of the terrane along the south-dipping Woodroffe Thrust. In scattered outcrops north of the Mann Ranges, peak metamorphism occurred at P =9–10  kbar and T  = c . 700 °C. The Woodroffe Thrust separates these deep crustal mylonites from granites that were metamorphosed during the Petermann Orogeny at P = c . 6–7  kbar and T  = c . 650 °C. The similarity in peak temperatures at different crustal levels implies an unusual thermal regime during this event. The existence of a relatively elevated geotherm corresponding with Th- and K-enriched granites that were in the mid-crust during the Petermann Orogeny suggests that radiogenic heat production may have substantially contributed to the thermal regime during metamorphism. This potentially has implications for the mechanisms by which intra-plate strain was localized during this event.  相似文献   

东秦岭-大别山及邻区挠曲类盆地演化与碰撞造山过程   总被引：28，自引：3，他引：25       下载免费PDF全文

刘少峰  张国伟 《地质科学》1999,34(3):336-346

东秦岭-大别造山带是3 个板块沿两条缝合带俯冲碰撞而形成的近东西向不对称的反向多层次构造叠置的复合型造山带。在泥盆纪至三叠纪板块构造阶段中不同陆块间由于俯冲碰撞作用形成了多种挠曲类盆地。盆地时空演化充分体现了商丹古洋盆俯冲消减过程、北秦岭弧后区弧陆碰撞过程以及勉略古洋(海)盆斜向的、由东向西的碰撞造山过程。  相似文献